Educational Resources
Article investigates a model to more accurately predict the impact of a disease management program on costs and cost-effectiveness. (Source: Health Economics, June 2010)
White paper by Luce and O'Hagan from “The Bayesian Initiative”, formed to explore the extent to which formal Bayesian statistical analysis can and should be incorporated into the field of HEOR for the purpose of assisting rational health care decision-making.
The purpose of this article is to briefly outline some of the SPC tools available for monitoring a health care process with corresponding references to their application. (Source: Stephen Schmaltz, PhD, National Measures Clearinghouse, Nov 2009)
This course you will develop a detailed understanding of where, when and how in the R&D process to build evidence payers require for Market Access, and turn this into a compelling Value Dossier. In addition you will learn innovative pricing techniques, risk share and early access schemes. This course is essential for anyone involved in providing input to the R&D process in global, region and country roles.
Podcast from Criterium, a CRO, featuring John Hudak, MBA.
A Format for Submission of Clinical and Economic Evidence of Pharmaceuticals in Support of Formulary Consideration. FMCP Format Executive Committee. (Source: Journal of Managed Care Pharmacy, Jan. 2010)
This white paper explores the possible consequences that pricing and reimbursement regulation may have on pharmaceutical innovation. (Source: Friederiszick et al.)
Article summarizing course development of pharmacoeconomics and outcomes research course covering concepts, methodology, and
research proposal development. (Scott & Pedersen, American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, Summer 2000)
Dr. John Ioannidis is known as a meta-researcher, and he's become one of the world's foremost experts on the credibility of medical research. He and his team have shown that much of what biomedical researchers conclude in published studies is misleading, exaggerated, and often flat-out wrong.(Source: World of DTC Marketing)
Journal article describing the use of an artificial neural network (ANN) for medical effect prediction, which could help in the extrapolation of pharmacoeconomic analysis' results. (Source: Polak1 et al, Studies in Health Technologies and Informatics, IOS Press, 2004)
Wonderful primer that makes the subject of bayesian statistics understandable, relevant, and interesting, by Luce and O'Hagan.
Paid report including best practices from experts based on their experiences.
Aims to inform policies and practices in health by systematically integrating scientific evidence with explicit consideration of individual and societal values for critical outcomes including mortality, quality of life, and cost. While most fields of research focus on producing new knowledge, decision science is uniquely concerned with making good choices based on available information, and in the presence of uncertainty, complexity, competing values, and tradeoffs.
Presentation by Badri Rengarajan, M.D., Archimedes
In this YouTube video, the Editor of PharmacoEconomics discusses a common error authors make when reporting the results of economic evaluations(Source: Youtube)
Advisory Panel Report from ISPOR
Presentation by Jean Paul Gagnon, PhD, Health Policy Consultant
Excellent overview of the use of CER and HEOR
Excellent overview of the use of CER and HEOR
Wikipedia listing. Needs input. Also help create a Wikipedia "health outcomes" listing. There isn't one! Email patti@healtheconomics.com if you want to work together to do this.
Health economics is a sub-discipline of economics and studies the allocation of scarce resources among alternative healthcare programs or strategies for the promotion, maintenance and improvement of health. Health economics studies how healthcare and health-related services, their costs and benefits, and health itself are distributed among individuals and groups in society. Health economics is concerned with the formal analysis of direct and indirect costs and benefits that are a consequence of a health care intervention, program or strategy. The science of health economics has significantly progressed in recent years. Although a lot of disagreement among health economists existed in the early nineties, over the recent years more consensus on methodology has been reached. This development resulted in a standardised approach, allowing valid comparisons of studies in different fields of health care and across countries. The main study types used in economic evaluation are cost-effectiveness (CEA) and cost-utility analysis (CUA) in which the incremental net costs of a programme are related to the health benefits.
Summary of presentation by Dr. Daniel Kahneman at 2005 ISPOR meeting. Covers the value of QALY
National Academic Mailing List Service, known as 'JISCMail', is a service designed specifically for the further and higher education and research communities and is one of a number of services provided by JISC Advance therefore making it the foremost strategic collaboration tool within the academic community.
Great website for documents, PPTs, white papers and more: DocumentSearch.Org. View documents related to health economics here.
Focusing on evidence-based health policy decisions.
Focusing on evidence-based health policy decisions.
Economics Help offers assistance with simplifying economics.
The report recommends focusing more on learning outcomes, incorporating more clinical experiences early in medical education, and offering more opportunities for medical students to train in teams with nursing and other health-care students. The report also calls for a more individualized approach to medical education and training.
The Educator’s Tool Kit Task Force was created to establish useful teaching resources for the International Pharmacoeconomics Educator.
The Tool Kit is intended to be international, and it includes written and interactive works from various nations in order to provide a fully global understanding of the field of pharmacoeconomics. The Pharmacoeconomics Educator, regardless of level of familiarity with the topic, will be able to use this tool in facilitating his or her educational endeavors.
The goal was to evaluate the educational effectiveness of a clinically integrated e-learning course for teaching basic evidence-based medicine(EBM) among postgraduate medical trainees compared to a traditional lecture-based course of equivalent content.
MPH and MSPH in health care outcomes and management, Clinical outcomes measurement, outcomes management research design and methods,
cost effectiveness analysis. PhD in health services research and health policy.
Academic study in Health Policy and Management, and lectures at Netherlands Institute for Health Sciences. Downloadable pdf files of reports available.
Academic study in Health Policy and Management, and lectures at Netherlands Institute for Health Sciences. Downloadable pdf files of reports available.
Academic study in Health Policy and Management, and lectures at Netherlands Institute for Health Sciences. Downloadable pdf files of reports available.
Developed a model that addresses issues about the time to death in these analyses and separates the survival effects from the intensity effects. Using simulations, we compare our proposed estimator to the inverse probability estimator, which shows bias when censoring is large and covariates affect survival. We find our estimator to be unbiased and also more efficient for these designs. We apply our method and compare it with the IPW method using data from the Medicare–SEER files on prostate cancer.
Journal article covering issues, theories, methodologies, and concerns.
First in a series of articles to discuss how to use evidence to arrive at reliable scientific conclusions? (Source Steven Novella, Science-Based Medicine, Nov. 18, 2009)
This article addresses the advantages, disadvantages, and traps to which
evidence-based medicine (EBM) may lead and suggests that, to be
ethically valid, EBM must be aimed at the patient's best interests and
not at the financial interests of others.
(Source:Erich H. Loewy, MD, Professor of Medicine (emeritus), University of California)
This article addresses the advantages, disadvantages, and traps to which
evidence-based medicine (EBM) may lead and suggests that, to be
ethically valid, EBM must be aimed at the patient's best interests and
not at the financial interests of others.
(Source:Erich H. Loewy, MD, Professor of Medicine (emeritus), University of California)
This article addresses the advantages, disadvantages, and traps to which
evidence-based medicine (EBM) may lead and suggests that, to be
ethically valid, EBM must be aimed at the patient's best interests and
not at the financial interests of others.
(Source:Erich H. Loewy, MD, Professor of Medicine (emeritus), University of California)
Based on workshops. Great resource
Evidence-based Medicine Workbook, Finding and applying the best research evidence to improve patient care. (Source: Glasziou, Del Mar, Salsbury, BMJ Books, September 2009)
Evidence-based Medicine Workbook, Finding and applying the best research evidence to improve patient care. (Source: Glasziou, Del Mar, Salsbury, BMJ Books, September 2009)
Presentation by David Gregory, Executive Vice President, Presscott Associates
A popular pharma BLOG that is read by a lot of people again and again published content from such studies on Avandia and even went as far as to interview a former FDA official causing a lot of damage to the brand at a time when a scientific approach was needed.
Describe the results from an AFPE survey on organizational structures and educational components of the pharmacoeconomics and outcomes research (PE/OR) fellowship programs in the United States.
A very useful interactive tutorial.
A recent study in the Journal of the American Medical Association found over 40 percent of the best designed, peer-reviewed scientific papers published in the world’s top medical journals misrepresented the actual findings of the research.The “spin doctors” writing the papers found a way to show treatments worked, when in fact, they didn’t.
From a self-study course developed by the National Information Center on Health Services Research and Health Care Technology (NICHSR). Other modules include scope of appraisal, resources, identification and retrieval, critical appraisal/analysis.
HealthEconomics.nl is an open collaboration and aims to provide a free, comprehensible and open knowledgebase for Health Economics and Pharmacoeconomics. Its main purpose is to provide background information on economic evaluations of healthcare interventions (such as cost-effectiveness analysis and cost-utility analysis) to policy- and decision makers, students, researchers and healthcare workers in the field of healthcare, as well as the general public.
Pharmacoeconomics and health outcomes research are playing an increasingly important role in informing clinical development and market access decisions of new innovative medicines. Both disciplines are dealing with the evaluation of the costs and outcomes of healthcare interventions and can be considered as two branches of the same “value for money” tree. (Source: Frontiers Reviews, Dominique J. Dubose)
Growing Application of Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research in Health-Care Decision-Making in the Asia-Pacific Region. (Source: Bong-min Yang, PhD, and Kenneth Lee, PhD, Values in Health, Vol. 12, 2009)
The information contained within this report is gathered from numerous global pharmacoeconomics and health outcomes directors, associate directors and leaders. From phase-by-phase brand-level pharmacoeconomics spending to resource allocation, this report guides health outcomes groups to greater success.
A compilation of books, journals, articles, websites, databases, etc. that you would need if you are new to health economics. In fact, it's a great list if you are an experienced health economist. It only goes up to 2003 but it provides a wonderful, exhaustive overview of relevant resources. Great for students and for teachers preparing courses.
From the US National Library of Medicine. Includes definitions and terms in health economics.
In this issue we report the findings of four pieces of research. The first looks at the link between educational attainment and type of schooling on health and health-related behaviours later in life, focussing particularly on the type of school attended. The second reports on a review of international evidence of integrating the financing of health and social care. Next we look at a new project, the aim of which will be to improve the empirical basis for the NICE cost-effectiveness threshold. Last, we report on the conclusions of an International Working Group for Health Technology Assessment Advancement which reviewed the terminology used by experts and policy makers across the world. We highlight new research which has recently started and give details of the publications and activities of CHE members (Source: CHE Newsletter Issue 9, Univeersity of York).
Subscription service
Sixty-six percent of surveyed respondents across all life science sectors reported having higher spending levels, while 27% expected spending to stay the same, and only seven percent reported a decrease. (Source: Cutting Edge Information, 8/5/2010)
Primer (and sales tool) covering the use of HEOR
Professional certification in electronic health records and Health information technology
This paper is designed to explain what these terms mean, why they are important, and how health outcomes research can lead to improvements in the health care system and ultimately to health of Americans.
YouTube Video where Academy of Managed Care Pharmacy (AMCP) discusses issues that health plans need to consider to prepare for the eventual arrival of follow-on biologics.
Discover what’s working in health plan wellness and health promotion programs, award winning and unique programs, best practices, ROI, and lessons learned in this special audio conference, “Winning Ideas in Health Plan Wellness and Health Improvement Programs: What’s Working Today to Achieve Member Commitment and Participation.” The program was held Tuesday, November 15, 2005.
By Marcial Velasco Garrido, Finn Børlum Kristensen, Camilla
Health, United States, 2009 (with special emphasis on Medical Technology) is the 33rd report on the health status of the United States, prepared by Dept. HHS. The 2009 Chartbook includes 36 charts, with 14 charts illustrating medical technology. There are also 150 trend tables organized around four major subject areas: health status and determinants, health care utilization, health care resources, and health care expenditures. Disability and income/education data are included.
Specialist provider of medical education developed specifically for personnel from the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries. Training in a comprehensive range of therapy and business areas.
Online or classroom training, Business Impact Analysis, Risk Assessment, Business Continuity Plan, etc.
Sign up at Media Search to read this paper by Trisha Greenhalgh. How to Read a Paper is one of the bestselling texts on evidence-based medicine, used by health care professionals and medical students worldwide. (Source: chanozh-overblog)
By Alicia White. you need to interrogate the article to see what it says about the research it is reporting on. Bazian (the company I work for) has interrogated hundreds of articles for "Behind The Headlines" on the NHS health news Web site, and we’ve developed the following questions to help you figure out which articles you’re going to believe, and which you’re not.
Great educational tool
Great educational tool
This is a paper in progress that blends health related quality of life with health economic theory. Very intriguing.
Self study education course from National Information Center on Health Services Research and Health Care Technology (NICHSR). This module describes the definition and purpose of economic evaluation studies; outlines and highlights the characteristics of the health economic evaluation literature; outlines an effective approach to identifying and retrieving economic evaluation studies from bibliographic databases; considers how economic evaluation studies are indexed in the two major bibliographic databases, MEDLINE and EMBASE
Manufacturers, in more countries, are proposing risk-sharing and value-based schemes more often.
Ulf Staginnus, is the creator of HealthEconomics Blog and Head Pricing, Health Economics & Outcome Research, Europe, at Novartis Oncology. He talks about the direct implications of recent European cost-containment measures on the pharmaceutical industry. Watch, and learn why the tough times are here to stay. what industry executives and policy makers alike, must do to reach an innovative and cost-effective agreement.
Short course (1-day) conducted by Health Economics Research Council (Oxford, UK) for health professionals and health researchers who want to understand the basics of health economics and its relevance to the health service. No previous knowledge of economics required.
The ISPOR Distance Learning Program is designed to provide knowledge and skills on pharmacoeconomic and outcomes research topics (clinical, economic, humanistic, quality-of-life) via the Internet. To access, go to the 'Education' tab on the purple tool bar on the homepage and select 'Distance Learning'.
Collaborative research in the field of patient-reported outcomes (PRO) since 1994. Links to questionnaires and linguestics translations
The article describes a study where a health status questionnaire was conducted, its interpretation and use. (Source: Medical New Today, Dec. 2, 2009)
The article describes a study where a health status questionnaire was conducted, its interpretation and use. (Source: Medical New Today, Dec. 2, 2009)
Advisory Panel Report from ISPOR, with the goal to identify key contentious methodology issues in conducting health care pharmacoeconomic evaluations clinical studies
Intends to improve the transparency, consistency, and scientific rigor of this work, which consists of systematic reviews of existing research on effectiveness, comparative effectiveness, and comparative harm of different health care interventions. (Source: AHRQ)
ISPOR Special Interest Group & Task Force Forum
Excellent review of the literature, good research practices, etc. in pdf file.
Great short primer including definitions, for students, educators, and media personnel.
Summary of a workshop to define pharmacoeconomic concepts and terminology. (Source: JEADV(2005)19(Suppl. 1), 34–39
Book chapter describing marginal costs, benefits, cost effectiveness analysis, and methodological issues
Information platform for graduate students in pharmacy administration, pharmacoeconomics, pharmaceutical health services research, social and administrative pharmacy, pharmaceutical marketing and similar fields
Questions included in the exam. Good overview of relevant issues.
Includes basic concepts, cost effectiveness analysis, sampling uncertainty, sample size estimation, and other special topics.
Publication from ISPOR covering issues to consider in CEA/QOL within clinical trials, modeling, patient reported outcomes, claims analysis, etc. Good educational tool
From Foundation for Health Services Research.
This link includes a great table from Mike Drummond entitled "Detecting Flaws in Economic Evaluation". Excellent student resource
This 50-page special report contains insider information from three leading experts in DM analytics. They review key principles in calculating ROI, how to establish metrics for evaluating DM programs, and common mistakes in measuring ROI. They also share some relevant case studies for comparison.There is a fee to order this report.
Wealth of links, articles and information for all health and medical professionals, including info on industry news, careers, research, law, jobs, employers, salaries, publications and more.
This site contains assessment material, course content, lecture slides, and books about Modelling in health economics.
Debate over the proper use of racial and ethnic categories in biomedical research has raged in recent years. With the Human Genome Project showing that human beings are overwhelmingly alike genetically, exhibiting more genetic variation within supposed "races" than between them, many have come to doubt the scientific utility of such categories. Yet federal authorities use Directive 15 from the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) to mandate the continued use of such categories in research.(Source:Wolf, Susan, Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics, Vol.34,No.3,pg. 483-559)
Responsiveness was included as an intrinsic goal in the health systems performance framework because the way people are treated when they come into contact with the system can improve or reduce their well-being independently of health outcomes.
REMS for drug products may affect marketing and access.
Presentation by Kenneth LaPensee, Ph.D., MPH, Senior Director, Competitive Strategy, The Medicines Company
Outstanding 4 module self study course from National Information Center on Health Services Research (NICHSR).
Published in J Health Economics. Partial expected value of perfect information (EVPI) quantifies the value of removing uncertainty about unknown parameters in a decision model. EVPIs can be computed via Monte Carlo methods. An outer loop samples values of the parameters of interest, and an inner loop samples the remaining parameters from their conditional distribution. This nested Monte Carlo approach can result in biased estimates if small numbers of inner samples are used and can require a large number of model runs for accurate partial EVPI estimates.
Published in J Health Economics. Partial expected value of perfect information (EVPI) quantifies the value of removing uncertainty about unknown parameters in a decision model. EVPIs can be computed via Monte Carlo methods. An outer loop samples values of the parameters of interest, and an inner loop samples the remaining parameters from their conditional distribution. This nested Monte Carlo approach can result in biased estimates if small numbers of inner samples are used and can require a large number of model runs for accurate partial EVPI estimates.
PDF by Oakley et al. Partial expected value of perfect information (EVPI) quantifies the value of removing uncertainty about unknown parameters in a decision model. EVPIs can be computed via Monte Carlo methods. This nested Monte Carlo approach can result in biased estimates if small numbers of inner samples are used and can require a large number of model runs for accurate partial EVPI estimates.
PDF by Oakley et al. Partial expected value of perfect information (EVPI) quantifies the value of removing uncertainty about unknown parameters in a decision model. EVPIs can be computed via Monte Carlo methods. This nested Monte Carlo approach can result in biased estimates if small numbers of inner samples are used and can require a large number of model runs for accurate partial EVPI estimates.
Advisory Panel Report from ISPOR
Advisory Panel Report from ISPOR
AHRQ Slide sets for policymakers involved in healthcare quality. Examples of slidesets include: Methods Guide for Effectiveness and Comparative Effectiveness Reviews Registries for Evaluating Patient Outcomes: A User's Guide: 2nd Edition
The AHRQ Training Modules for the Systematic Reviews Methods Guide: An Introduction
Self study education course from National Information Center on Health Services Research and Health Care Technology (NICHSR). Goals of module include: 1) the significant trends in spending, outcomes, and access within the U.S. health care system; and; 2)the main sources of literature and data relating to health care financing in the U.S.
Self study education course from National Information Center on Health Services Research and Health Care Technology (NICHSR). Goals of module include: 1) the significant trends in spending, outcomes, and access within the U.S. health care system; and; 2)the main sources of literature and data relating to health care financing in the U.S.
Self study education course from National Information Center on Health Services Research and Health Care Technology (NICHSR). Goals of module include: 1) the significant trends in spending, outcomes, and access within the U.S. health care system; and; 2)the main sources of literature and data relating to health care financing in the U.S.
Although many have brought attention to this field's increasing importance in medical education, surprisingly little is known about how exactly health policy is taught in medical schools. (Source:NEJM, 2/23/2011, Mou, David, et.al.)
The Academy of Managed Care Pharmacy (AMCP) has identified major benchmarking data publications that are commonly used within the managed care environment. Source: Academy of Managed Care Pharmacy)
Download documents, book chapters, and practice questions for Statistics and Evidence Based Medicine for Exams.
Statistics Tutoring Service is a great service. Get help in introductory statistics. Simply submit your query online by 11pm Est Sunday - Thursday and in most cases you will have an answer by the next morning.leading provider of professional development courses in statistics.
Statistics Tutoring Service is a great service. Get help in introductory statistics. Simply submit your query online by 11pm Est Sunday - Thursday and in most cases you will have an answer by the next morning.leading provider of professional development courses in statistics.
global repository of lectures on public health and prevention targeting educators across the world. Supercourse has a network of over 42500 scientists in 174 countries who are sharing for free a library of over 3232 lectures in 26 languages.
AHRQ Slide sets for policymakers involved in healthcare quality.
This presentation contains: Policy context of NICE, NICE methods, Are devices different?, The role of randomised trials, When do we have sufficient evidence?, Impact of NICE guidance
Suzanne Bohen is an experienced search consultant with Emerson Professionals. Emerson is a boutique search firm with practices in the medical device, academic, and healthcare vertical markets. Suzanne focuses on reimbursement and health economics professionals in the medical device industry. To contact, email Suzanne@emersonprof.com.
Journal article describing the use of pharmacoeconomics as a life cycle management tool. (Source: Denise Mysoko, PharmaVoice, May 2008)
The market structure of the U. S. health industry not only reflects the nature of health care, but also its origins in the 1930's and its evolution in succeeding decades. This report discusses how the current health insurance market structure affects the two policy goals of expanding insurance coverage and containing health care costs. (Source: D. Andrew Austin and Thomas L. Hungerford, weSRCH, Nov. 17, 2009)
Remember the 4-P's of Marketing (product, placement, price, and promotion)? PharmExec.Com suggests these have been replaced by 4 New P's: Predictive Modeling, Personalization, Peer-to-Peer, Participation.
Management report that assesses the impact that pharmacoeconomics has had on the pharmaceutical industry and shows how companies can utilize pharmacoeconomic modeling to gain a competitive edge. This report examines the most commonly used pharmacoeconomic methodologies with respect to both study perspective and the range of R&D costs that can be analyzed.
Discusses Pharmaceuticals Pricing Board, decision-making in the PPB, and health economic evaluations in decision-aking
Self study education course from National Information Center on Health Services Research and Health Care Technology (NICHSR)in 2 parts: Part 1 - outlines the scope of the subdiscipline of health economics and highlights the range of potential information required; Part 2 - outlines and highlights the type of information that may be required and key sources of that information
UC Berkeley Extension offers free information sessions throughout the year for programs in clinical research conduct and management, biotechnology business and marketing, and post-baccalaureate pre-medical and pre-health professions.
The Unit is part of the Division of Applied Health Sciences within the College of Life Sciences and Medicine. Core funding for the Unit is received from the Chief Scientist Office (CSO) of the Scottish Government Health Directorates. Substantial additional funding also comes from competitive research grants, training activities, commissioned research, and the University of Aberdeen.
Presentation at ISPOR Europe, Nov. 2011 by Brendan Mulhern, Msc, Researcher, School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
Presentation at ISPOR Europe, Nov. 2011, by Ken O'Day, PhD, Director, Xcenda, LLC, Palm Harbor, FL, USA; Denise Globe, PhD, Senior Director, Global Health Outcomes Strategy and Research, Allergan, LLC, Irvine, CA, USA
Interview covering trends and major challenges in HEOR.
This is a great piece of advice given back in 1988 in a letter to his research group by chemistry professor PG Gassman. (Pharmacoeconomics Blog)
In this paper, we explore the possible consequences that pricing and reimbursement regulation may have on pharmaceutical innovation. We first investigate qualitatively how a pharmaceutical firm is likely to strategically respond in its R&D activities to pricing and reimbursement regulation. We then quantitatively evaluate these effects in the context of a calibrated decision-theoretic model of drug development in which a pharmaceutical firm is forward-looking and takes future pricing regulation into account in making current development decisions. Source: Hans Friederiszick, ESMT CA Nicola Tosini, ESMT CA Francis de Ve´ricourt, ESMT Simon Wakeman, ESMT
Good definition, examples, links
