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From NCE to NICE: the role of Pharmacoeconomics

What Is the Price Benchmark to Replace Average Wholesale Price (AWP)?

NICE announces development of further Quality Standards

Avastin patient access scheme too complicated, says NICE

Comparative Effectiveness—of What? Evaluating Strategies to Improve Population Health

Market access and patient access schemes

Market access: Risk sharing and alternative pricing schemes

US breast cancer drug decision 'marks start of death panels'

Medical Affairs at the centre of life sciences innovation

Rising Burden of Diseases Drives the Pharmaceutical Industry in East Africa Says Frost & Sullivan

Is Health Care Special?

CRD international register of ongoing systematic reviews

Hospitals Should Plan Now for Value-Based Purchasing, Which May Be a Game-Changer

Comparative Effectiveness Research

Health care and revenue competition in Britain

Literature Review Examines Value of Managed Care Pharmacy Tools

Compelling Evidence Regarding Effectiveness Of Managed Care Pharmacy Tools In Achieving Intended Outcomes

IBM, Aetna roll out cloud-based clinical decision support system

Health Economics Spending Increases 45% in Emerging Markets, 8% in the US

Health Secretary Andrew Lansley announces new NHS ‘quality standards’

PharmaNet, Abacus ally on ‘real world' research

The Impact of Employer Health and Productivity Management Practices

NICE ‘yes’ in 80% of treatment appraisals

Providers Have Won Majority of RAC Claims Denials They Have Appealed

Study examines UK’s NICE as model producer of HTA

Health Secretary Andrew Lansley announces new NHS ‘quality standards’

Government kicks off consultation on outcomes framework

Will More Insurers Control Health Care Costs Better?

Will Janssen-Cilag's ADHD YouTube Video Go Viral and Win an Award?

Reimbursement by Distributors

Growing application of pharmacoeconomics and outcomes research in health-care decision-making in the Asia-Pacific region.Yang BM, Lee K. Value Health. 2009 Nov-Dec;12 Suppl 3:S1-2.

Value-based Pricing to be Introduced to the UK Pharma Industry by 2014

Disclosing Industry Relationships — Toward an Improved Federal Research Policy

Pharmacoeconomics: friend or foe?

NHS reform – a bold vision or a dangerous gamble?

GSK's Coverup of Avandia's Heart Risk Data: Is This How the Entire Industry Views Its Repsonsibility to Patients?

Oncology drug price cuts announced in Italy related to perfomance based schemes

US And European Prices Aren’t So Different After All

Grand challenges in pharmacoeconomics and health outcomes

White Paper: An Economic Assessment of the Relationship between Price Regulation and Incentives to Innovate in the Pharmaceutical Industry

Clarifying Sources of Geographic Differences in Medicare Spending

Is The Impact of Comparative Effectiveness Reports Being Evaluated? by Rebecca Singer Cohen Rebecca Singer Cohen View Author Bio and Bryan Luce

Biosimilars’ Price Dynamic in Europe, Dr Matthias Liefner of Simon Kucher and Partners.

AQoL Website - Centre for Health Economics, Monash University

“How To Negotiate Salary”, a submitted article by Bill Cebak - Founder / Headhunter Global HEOR, Market Access and Medical Communications Practice since 1993

AMCP eDossier System: A Partnership that Works! AMCP News June 2010

Dartmouth Atlas: A Response to Its Researchers

D2 Review : APHA and AMCP introduce MTM Connections a fantastic site for new professional opportunities

Including Pregnant Women in Clinical Research Called ‘Imperative’

Selecting Quality and Resource Use Measures A Decision Guide for Community Quality Collaboratives

Spending More on Drugs Doesn’t Mean Spending Less On Other Care

Trendspotter: Consumer Survey Shows Opposition to Evidence-Based Medicine

Patient Reported Outcomes version of the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (PRO-CTCAE)

Former CMS Official’s Off-Label Work May Help Reform Law’s CER Center

Patient-reported outcome measures in the NHS: new methods for analysing and reporting EQ-5D data

Integrated Health Ecosystem Key to Creating Better Health Outcomes and Managing Costs for Employers and Health Plans

The Health Care Economy: New Questions About Costs, Quality And Care

The Amazing Maze of US Health Care

Universal Healthcare Myths | New Health Care Bill Facts

Pricing, profits and pharmacoeconomics - for whose benefit?

Symposium on Research Methods for Clinical and Comparative Effectiveness Studies – Part II

France, Italy announce drug pricing cuts

"AMCP Launches Health Care Reform Implementation Web Page"

2010 Lecture: US Health Care Reform

Biosimilars: Issues Overview

AZ's fixed-price deal on Iressa gets NICE nod

Transforming Trial Results Into Practice Change: The Final Translational Hurdle

Obama’s New Health Rationer-in-Chief

NICE to move to value-based pricing?

Reimbursement of New High Cost Drugs – Deal or No Deal! by:Michael Barry MD, PhD, FRCPI, 2009-2010 ISPOR President and Clinical Director National Centre for Pharmacoeconomics, St. James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland

UK Government Wants To Revamp Drug Watch Dog NICE

New FDA Campaign Targets Detailing, Trade Shows

Advances in technology highlight need of Pharmacoeconomics in managing healthcare: Dr Rajesh Balakrishnan

RFP for 2011 IBI/NBCH Health & Productivity Forum

Funny Pharmacy Videos. These are Hysterical! Particularly "The PharmG's - Boom Intervention" Rap

Job Title Company

Research Scientist/Senior Research Associate – Literature Review and Meta-Analytic Services (London, UK) United BioSource Corporation

Outcomes Research Regional Medical Research Scientist (OR-RMRS) --Midwest Pfizer

Director/Senior Director Health Economics, Epidemiology and Value Planning AMAG Pharmaceuticals

Health Economics Modeling Associate Director Analytica International

Program Director, Applied Health Economics and Outcomes Research Jefferson School of Population Health

$232 Billion Personalized Medicine Market to Grow 11 Percent Annually, says PricewaterhouseCoopers

Personalize medicine, which targets individualized treatment and care based on personal and genetic variation, is creating a booming market, but it is a disruptive innovation that PricewaterhouseCoopers says will create both opportunities and challenges for traditional healthcare and emerging market participants. (Source: PR Newswire, New York, Dec. 8, 2009)

`Me-Too' Innovation in Pharmaceutical Markets

Critics of me-too innovation often argue that follow-on drugs offer little incremental clinical value over existing pioneer products, while at the same time increasing health care costs. We examine whether consumers view follow-on and pioneer drugs as close substitutes or distinct clinical therapies. (Source: Berkley Electronic Press, Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2009)

AMCP eDossier System

The AMCP eDossier System is a centralized, secure, web-based platform, that provides qualified health care decision makers the opportunity to easily access, review, and evaluate research to make informed, evidence-based decisions.

AMCP Guide to Pharmaceutical Payment Methods — 2009 Update

This is an update of the October 2007 AMCP Guide to Pharmaceutical Payment Methods¹ which was created by the Academy of Managed Care Pharmacy Task Force on Pharmaceutical Payment Methods, in conjunction with the consulting firm of Tag & Associates, Inc. The update incorporates revisions by Tag & Associates, Inc. (Howard Tag, JD, and Elan Rubinstein, PharmD, MPH), Alexandria, VA.

AMCP Releases Summary Of Proposed Medicare Part D Rule

In the Oct. 22nd Federal Register, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) issued a proposed rule calling for a significant number of policy and technical changes to Medicare Advantage and stand-alone Part D prescription drug plans.

Article: TO WHAT EXTENT DO CHANGES IN THIRD-PARTY PAYMENT AFFECT CLINICAL TRIALS AND THE EVIDENCE BASE?

Source: Duke Evidence-Based Practice Center Center for Clinical Health Policy Research, August 200

Asia Pacific Biotechnology Market (2008-2012): An Exhaustive View of the Biotechnology Markets in the Asia-Pacific Region

The report "Asia Pacific Biotechnology Market (2008-2012)" provides an exhaustive view of the biotechnology markets in the Asia-Pacific region. (Source: Gale, Cengage Learning, Business Wire, 2008)

Ask Your Virtual Pharmacist

A liscensed pharmacist will answer drug questions involving herbals, drug interactions, or other therapies for free.

Assurance Pharmaceutical Care Documentation Software

Assurance Pharmaceutical Care™ is a computer-based documentation system designed to support the practice of pharmaceutical care. This program is used by pharmaceutical care practitioners to manage all of a patient's medications and to document outcomes from drug therapies, cost savings, and clinical improvement in patient care. It supports all reimbursement methods and practitioners providing medication therapy management (MTM) services to patients on a continuous basis, over repeated patient encounters, at multiple practice sites, by multiple practitioners, and it is fully developed to support an entire network of practitioners.

Balancing Innovation, Access, and Profits — Market Exclusivity for Biologics

Balancing Innovation, Access, and Profits — Market Exclusivity for Biologics. (Source: Alfred B. Engelberg, J.D., Aaron S. Kesselheim, M.D., J.D., M.P.H., and Jerry Avorn, M.D., NEJM, October 2009)

Comparing Adherence and Persistence

The National Quality Forum recently endorsed the proportion of days covered (PDC)—a measure of medication adherence—as an indicator of quality in drug therapy management. (Source: J Manag Care Pharm. 2009;15(9):728-40 Copyright © 2009, Academy of Managed Care Pharmacy.)

Consumer Reports Opinion Poll: 66 of Americans Blindsides by Cost of Drugs

Consumer Reports opinion poll found that only 4% of respondents had discussed drug price with their physician at point of prescribing; 66% "blindsided" by costs once they reached the pharmacy.

Current and Future Directions in MS Management:

Based on surveys conducted..., several topics were identified for which pharmacists indicated a need for new and updated information. (Source: J Manag Care Pharm. 2009;15(9-a)(Suppl):S2-S15) Copyright © 2009, Academy of Managed Care Pharmacy

CVS Caremark Research Illustrates How Innovative Pharmacy Benefit Plan Design Optimizes Generic Utilization

The study found that implementing a $0 copay structure for generic medications can be an effective strategy to increase generic dispensing, with the generic dispensing rate (GDR) increasing to 60.8 percent (a 4.2 percent increase) during the study period. (Source: CVS Caremark Research, Reuters, October 2009)

Digital spend: the chicken or the egg?

It is very difficult to get good data on this in the pharma industry. In a recent survey, Cegedim Dendrite mentioned that less than 0.1% of the S&M spend was devoted to digital in 2009 in Europe; in a recent US survey by the same company, the number was estimated to be close to 10% for some of the leading companies.

Direct-to-consumer communication by pharmaceutical companies ? Europeans deserve better

Supporting the right choice in health information: In his hearing with the European Parliament, John Dalli promised the reassessment of the "Information to Patients" proposal. At the same time, the proposals are continuing to move through the political process in the Parliament. In this context, a group of 29 organisations released a set of five recommendation to protect public health and prevent direct-to-consumer advertising. (Source: Epha.org, March 15, 2010)

Does the Funding Source Influence the Results in Economic Evaluations?: A Case Study in Bisphosphonates for the Treatment of Osteoporosis

Does the Funding Source Influence the Results in Economic Evaluations?: A Case Study in Bisphosphonates for the Treatment of Osteoporosis. (Source: PharmacoEconomics: 1 April 2010 - Volume 28 - Issue 4 - pp 295-306)

Drug company targets critical doctors

Drug giant Merck compiled a “hit list” of doctors to “discredit” in order to stop criticism of their drugs, according to evidence released from the Vioxx drug trial in the US. (Source: Harriet Grecian, The Journal, Issue 26, Oct. 2009)

Drug company targets critical doctors

Drug Giants Lag Where Sales Boom, Study Says

The leading drug makers need to move quickly to adapt to a new world order in which some emerging markets are set to overtake some established national markets in pharmaceutical sales. (Source: Natasha Singer, NYT, March 16, 2010)

DrugPipelineForecast

DrugPipelineForecast™ is a tool developed specifically for managed care professionals to address their unique needs. This is a site which can help you track late-phase pipeline:*Products in late phase III to approval stages * All types of information for an in-depth review * Tabulated format for a quick analysis * Search and filtering capabilities * Default and customized reports * Frequent updates

Emerging Trends Driving Changes in Pharmacy Benefits

Download report from website. The results of the fourth annual “Emerging Trends Driving Changes in Pharmacy Benefits” survey sponsored by the Foundation for Managed Care Pharmacy (FMCP) have been released. The survey is made possible through the generous support of Merck & Company. The HSM Group conducted the survey and analysis. Concerns about the management of specialty pharmacy continued to eclipse other issues in this year’s survey, both in terms of judging clinical evidence and cost management.

ePrescribe Florida

ePrescribe Florida is a collaborative framework of industry stakeholders working together to help accelerate physician adoption of electronic prescribing by fostering cooperation and coordination among prescribing constituents.

excellRX

Market leader in pharmaceutical care for niche disease markets, providing expert medication consultation and pharmaceutical distribution services. Combining proprietary technology and clinical experience, excelleRx ensures the appropriate use of medication, and thereby enhances quality of life. Also has a Medication Management Artificial Intelligence database: Our proprietary medication management system includes clinical decision support tools and a team of highly specialized doctorate level pharmacists.

Express Scripts

More than 50 million members, rich and diverse database on drug usage and demographics, and a history of partnering with pharmaceutical companies.

Global Biotech Market Analysis and Forecasts, 2008-2023

Paid Report (but a sample is downloadable for free): Global Biotech Market Analysis and Forecasts, 2008-2023, from Visiongain.com. This report covers both the top ten therapy classes as well as the top ten leading pharmaceutical products in the biotech market in particular, as well as leading pipeline agents. Includes forecasting, SWOT analysis, R&D assessments, qualitative evaluations.

How to Connect Patients and Physicians Around Your Brand

In this episode, Dr. Ball and Mr. LeVine discuss the importance of patient feedback — how to obtain it and how it can be used to better connect brands with patients and physicians in a practice setting.

Innovative Pricing Agreements, Risk Sharing, Market Access Agreements

This PDF summarizes a 2009 Brussels Conference on these types of pricing schemes (eg, Price/Volume, Expenditure Caps, Price Cuts, Conditional Discounts), with emphasis on Europe. Contains nice table with examples of schemes by drug/country. (Source: IMS Pharma Pricing & Reimbursement, August 2009)

Life After Average Wholesale Price (AWP): Preparing for the Next Generation of Drug Pricing

Webinar. You can buy the recording. Recent legal action against FirstDataBank is driving industry change regarding Average Wholesale Price (AWP). Find out how new pharmacy pricing benchmarks will impact price inflation for your plan and how to respond. Plus, hear about how to achieve optimal balance of price, member cost share and utilization management for improving value and cost performance of your pharmacy benefit.

MCP Format Version 3 and related documents

he AMCP Format for Formulary Submissions is a set of guidelines, a template that drug companies can use to prepare submissions of new and existing pharmaceuticals for a health system's Pharmacy and Therapeutics (P&T) Committee. Previously, P&T Committees often received drug information passively from pharmaceutical manufacturers that was biased and of poor quality. In this era of dramatically increasing drug costs, biotechnology, and information availability, the Format empowers health systems to pro-actively request specific information from manufacturers that will allow them to more accurately determine the total value that a drug brings to their population as the basis for accepting or rejecting a drug for its formulary.

MedicalMnemonics.com

You all probably remember On Old Olympus' Towering Top...well, this database has one for EVERYTHING!!! A free online searchable database of medical mnemonics to help students of health-related professions remember the important details.

MEPS data: Statistical Brief #245

MEPS data: Average number of total and refill prescriptions by select person characteristics (2006), Statistical Brief #245.

MEPS: Choice of ACEI and ACEII inhibitors for HTN

Medical Expenditure Panel Survey: Choice of ACEI and ACEII inhibitors for HTN

MEPS: Medical/Rx costs for asthma

Medical Expenditure Panel Survey: Medical/Rx costs for asthma and whether daily asthma prevention is being taken.

New Drug Pocketbinder for Pharmacy

Newly released drugs are listed and reviewed. The New Drug Pocketbinder provides brief, concise summaries of the latest new drug releases in pocketsized monograph format.

NEW REPORT: Latin American Pharmaceutical Market Outlook To 2014: Policy environment, market analysis, forecasts and growth opportunities

For more information on the cost/ content of this report contact Daniel Healy on 0044 207 551 9563 or dhealy@globalbusinessinsights.com

Oncology Index for Managed Care

The Zitter Group’s new Managed Care Oncology Index focuses on both payers and oncology practices, making it the most comprehensive and up-to-date analysis of the major trends underway in the evolving payer market for oncology. This unique study offers pharmaceutical marketers insight into trends in physician reimbursement, product selection, practice profitability, patient access, and how managed care organizations plan to pursue oncology cost-cutting.

P&T Community

An online resource for P&T committee members in hospital-based and managed care organizations. Formkit provides P&T members with pharmacoeconomic information, FDA and industry news, and access to the most up-to-date formulary kits.

P&T Perspective from The Zitter Group

The Zitter Group’s new simulated P&T meeting, P&T Perspective, offers pharmaceutical marketers objective and realistic insight into how their product will fare in a health plan P&T review. Unlike traditional Pharma sponsored mock P&T meetings, the composition and management of P&T Perspective closely mirrors the way that committees operate in the real world. The program uses Web-streaming technology to enable sponsors to watch the meeting anonymously, eliminating the bias inherent in a sponsored advisory board.

Pharma Marketing Blog

Blog from John Mack, publisher ofPharma Marketing News, a monthly e-newsletter

Pharma Marketing Blog: Unintentional Consequences of FDA Warnings

Do FDA Warning letters affect disease diagnosis? Look at the Lilly-funded antidepressant case study based on the PHARMetrics Patient-centric Database (now owned by IMS), described here in the Pharma Marketing Blog.

Pharma Marketing Blog: Unintentional Consequences of FDA Warnings

PharmaCE - Pharmacist & Technician Continuing Education

PharmaCE enables you to select continuing education articles published within the last three years from either The Annals of Pharmacotherapy or the journal of Pharmacy Technology.

Pharmaceutical databases online

Drug information resource. Over 75,000 approved drugs and health products. Include generic drugs, prescription drugs, nutritions, supplements, veterinary products, pet meds, cosmetics, drugs active ingredients, pharmaceutical companies, medical catalogs.

Pharmaceutical Payment Methods

AMCP Guide to Pharmaceutical Payment Methods, 2009 Update (Version 2.0) and a revised Interactive Resource Library provide an unbiased description and analysis of the multiple methods used by public and private sector programs to purchase pharmaceutical products and pay providers who prescribe and dispense them. (Source: SMCP, 2009)

Pharmacoeconomics - the importance for pharmacists

Basic overview of the use of pharmacoeconomics and outcomes research data for pharmacists

Pharmacoeconomics to Get Bigger Budgets, According to Preliminary Survey Results

This year, drug makers' pharmacoeconomics groups will spend more money than ever before -- a clear sign of the function's growing importance to success in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology sectors. (Source: Marketwire, 2/15/2010)

Pharmacy Schools

Pharmacy career resource featuring a school directory, pharmacy articles, and career guide. Research schools and request FREE information

Pharmacy Students’ Views of Managed Care Pharmacy and PBMs: Should There Be More Exposure to Managed Care in the Pharmacy Curriculum?

New accreditation standards implemented in 2007 have required schools of pharmacy to evaluate their existing curricula. an issue frequently encountered is the limited amount of content in the pharmacy curriculum specific to managed care and the role and function of pharmacy benefit management companies (PBMs). Source: Jnl of Mgd Care Pharm, June 2010. Authors: Amy L. Pittenger, PharmD, MS; Catherine I. Starner, PharmD, BCPS, CGP; Kaj Thompson, BS; and Patrick P. Gleason, PharmD, BCPS, FCCP

PharmacyChoice.Com

Pharmacist news, jobs, industry information, etc. Great meta-site.

PharmacyNOW

Superb mentoring and employment site for pharmacy professionals. Jobs, salaries, discussion, audio interviews with high-profile pharmacy mentors, and much more.

PharmaModel from Alliance

Patient-based and disease-specific market model,intuitive and easy to update, maintain or refine on an ongoing basis and can be used on a national, regional or international level. It accommodates up to 52 ountries, with country-specific data gathering possibilities, allowing free inputs for data gaps. Impacts of any market update and any epidemiologic, treatment or label changes are immediately accounted for.

PharmDUR

Pharmaceutical auditing company, specializing in Physician Academic Detailing, Patient Drug Utilization Reviews, and Pharmacy Verification Audits.

PharmWeb

Extensive site for "all things pharmacy" (newsgroups, databases, schools, chat, etc.)

Proceedings of Value-Based Health Care Leadership Forum

On February 4, 2009, a meeting was hosted by the Foundation for Managed Care Pharmacy (FMCP), Alexandra, Virginia, and The Pharmacy & Therapeutics Society (P&T Society), Glastonbury, Connecticut, at which health care executives convened to create new knowledge and develop strategies on the role of pharmaceuticals in a value-based health system. This invitation-only event assembled key stakeholders to address critical issues related to value-based health care for 2009 and beyond. The key program objective was to develop strategies on the role of pharmaceuticals in a value-based health care system, with the goal of improving public health. Download report from this URL

Product Approvals: FDA

Monthly listing.

Promotional Spending for Prescription Drugs

Pharmaceutical companies’ efforts to promote prescription drugs have attracted the attention of policymakers because such activities may affect the rate at which different drugs are prescribed and consumed, the total amount spent on health care, and, ultimately, health outcomes. Those promotional activities—usually undertaken on behalf of brand-name, rather than generic, drugs may influence consumers and health care professionals through a variety of channels. (Source: Sheila Campbell, CBP: Economic and Budget Issue Brief, Dec. 2, 2009)

Promotional Spending for Prescription Drugs

Pharmaceutical companies' efforts to promote prescription drugs have attracted the attention of policymakers because such activities may affect the rate at which different drugs are prescribed and consumed, the total amount spent on health care, and, ultimately, health outcomes. (Source: Sheila Campbell, CBO - Economic and Budget Issue Breif, Dec. 2, 2009)

Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategies

REMS for drug products may affect marketing and access. Free article download. (Source: Risk Management, Sept 2009)

RPhWorld.Com

Searchable collection related to daily practice. Includes renal dosing, drug interaction checks, drug use in pregnancy, and toxicity antidotes.

Rx List

Free, searchable database of more than 4,000 prescription and over the counter (US) drug products on the web. Currently contains simple information, such as generic and brand name, and therapeutic category. Contains Top 200 prescribed drugs.

Schools of Pharmacy: Directory based on PharmWeb

Worldwide listing in searchable database.

Spending on new drug development

Updates annual drug development expenditures. Average expenditure on drugs in human clinical trials is around $27m per year, with $17m per year on drugs in Phase I, $34m on drugs in Phase II and $27m per year on drugs in Phase III of the human clinical trials. (Source: Christopher Paul Adams and Van Vu Brantner, Health Economics, Feb. 26 2009)

Substitution, Spending Offsets, and Prescription Drug Benefit Design

This award winning article studies how changes in consumers’ co-payments for prescription drugs affect use of and expenditure on prescription drugs, inpatient care, and outpatient care. (Source: Berkley Electronic Press, Forum for Health Economics & Policy: Vol. 10: Iss. 2 Article 4)

Tables for Presribed Drugs by total purchases

Tables for Presribed Drugs by total purchases. (Source: AHRQ -- MEPS, Nov 2009)

Take the lead on late-phase studies, urges Quintiles executive

Pharma Co's must "get a grip" on late-phase research, or other groups (e.g., payers, FDA) will do it for you, and decisions will be based on price! The article cites the recent head-to-head clinical trial of the blood thinners Plavix (clopidogrel, Bristol-Myers Squibb/Sanofi Aventis) and Effient (prasugrel, Eli Lilly/Daiichi Sankyo) conducted by Medco. (Source: PharmaTimes, Dec. 9, 2009)

The AMCP Format for Formulary Submissions, Version 3.0

A Format for Submission of Clinical and Economic Evidence of Pharmaceuticals in Support of Formulary Consideration FMCP Format Executive Committee

The role of pharmacoeconomics in Pharmaceuticals Pricing Board decision-making (PPT Presentation)

Discusses Pharmaceuticals Pricing Board, decision-making in the PPB, and health economic evaluations in decision-making

US Pharmacopoeia

Official public standards-setting authority for all prescription and over-the-counter medicines, dietary supplements, and other healthcare products manufactured and sold in the United States.

USA’s Budget Office reviews promotional spending for prescription drugs

The US Congressional Budget Office (CBO) has released a brief highlighting trends in promotional spending for prescription drugs and market characteristics that influence promotional strategies. (Source: The Pharma Letter

USA’s Budget Office reviews promotional spending for prescription drugs

This article discusses findsing of CBO's investigation of Pharma's spending on marketing to physicians and DTC (direct to consumer)channels. (Source: The Pharma Letter, Dec. 2009)

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